Roman Numeral Converter

Convert between Roman numerals and Arabic numbers (1-3999). Free online converter with instant results. No signup needed.

Preparing private browser tool…

Your file will stay on this device.

How to convert Roman numerals

Type a number to get its Roman numeral, or a Roman numeral to get the number. The converter handles values from 1 to 3999 and updates instantly as you type.

Roman numerals use seven letters: I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500), and M (1000). For example, 2024 is MMXXIV.

Roman numeral rules

Symbols are added when a smaller or equal value follows a larger one (VI = 6) and subtracted when a smaller value comes before a larger one (IV = 4). Only I, X, and C are used for subtraction, and a symbol is not repeated more than three times in a row.

There is no symbol for zero, and standard Roman numerals do not represent negative numbers or fractions, which is why the practical range is 1 to 3999.

Frequently asked questions

How do you read Roman numerals?
Add symbols left to right, but subtract when a smaller value precedes a larger one. IV is 4 (5 minus 1) and VI is 6 (5 plus 1).
What is the largest Roman numeral?
With standard notation the practical maximum is 3999 (MMMCMXCIX), since there is no single symbol above M.
Why is there no zero in Roman numerals?
The system was designed for counting and had no symbol for zero; the concept came later from other numeral systems.
Is the conversion done privately?
Yes. It runs entirely in your browser with nothing uploaded.